diff --git a/3rd/jemalloc b/3rd/jemalloc
index 3541a904..e9192eac 160000
--- a/3rd/jemalloc
+++ b/3rd/jemalloc
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 3541a904d6fb949f3f0aea05418ccce7cbd4b705
+Subproject commit e9192eacf8935e29fc62fddc2701f7942b1cc02c
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/HISTORY b/3rd/lpeg/HISTORY
index 8ada7743..0c10edd0 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/HISTORY
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/HISTORY
@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
-HISTORY for LPeg 0.12
+HISTORY for LPeg 1.0
+
+* Changes from version 0.12 to 1.0
+  ---------------------------------
+  + group "names" can be any Lua value
+  + some bugs fixed
+  + other small improvements
 
 * Changes from version 0.11 to 0.12
   ---------------------------------
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lpcap.c b/3rd/lpeg/lpcap.c
index b6911cb1..c9085de0 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lpcap.c
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lpcap.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lpcap.c,v 1.5 2014/12/12 16:58:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lpcap.c,v 1.6 2015/06/15 16:09:57 roberto Exp $
 ** Copyright 2007, Lua.org & PUC-Rio  (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
 */
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ static Capture *findback (CapState *cs, Capture *cap) {
       continue; /* opening an enclosing capture: skip and get previous */
     if (captype(cap) == Cgroup) {
       getfromktable(cs, cap->idx);  /* get group name */
-      if (lua_equal(L, -2, -1)) {  /* right group? */
+      if (lp_equal(L, -2, -1)) {  /* right group? */
         lua_pop(L, 2);  /* remove reference name and group name */
         return cap;
       }
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lpcap.h b/3rd/lpeg/lpcap.h
index c0a0e382..d762fdcf 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lpcap.h
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lpcap.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lpcap.h,v 1.1 2013/03/21 20:25:12 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lpcap.h,v 1.2 2015/02/27 17:13:17 roberto Exp $
 */
 
 #if !defined(lpcap_h)
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ typedef enum CapKind {
 
 typedef struct Capture {
   const char *s;  /* subject position */
-  short idx;  /* extra info about capture (group name, arg index, etc.) */
+  unsigned short idx;  /* extra info (group name, arg index, etc.) */
   byte kind;  /* kind of capture */
   byte siz;  /* size of full capture + 1 (0 = not a full capture) */
 } Capture;
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lpcode.c b/3rd/lpeg/lpcode.c
index 93c0d2aa..fbf44feb 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lpcode.c
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lpcode.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lpcode.c,v 1.21 2014/12/12 17:01:29 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lpcode.c,v 1.23 2015/06/12 18:36:47 roberto Exp $
 ** Copyright 2007, Lua.org & PUC-Rio  (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
 */
 
@@ -431,11 +431,11 @@ typedef struct CompileState {
 
 
 /*
-** code generation is recursive; 'opt' indicates that the code is
-** being generated under a 'IChoice' operator jumping to its end
-** (that is, the match is "optional").
-** 'tt' points to a previous test protecting this code. 'fl' is
-** the follow set of the pattern.
+** code generation is recursive; 'opt' indicates that the code is being
+** generated as the last thing inside an optional pattern (so, if that
+** code is optional too, it can reuse the 'IChoice' already in place for
+** the outer pattern). 'tt' points to a previous test protecting this
+** code (or NOINST). 'fl' is the follow set of the pattern.
 */
 static void codegen (CompileState *compst, TTree *tree, int opt, int tt,
                      const Charset *fl);
@@ -638,13 +638,13 @@ static void codebehind (CompileState *compst, TTree *tree) {
 
 /*
 ** Choice; optimizations:
-** - when p1 is headfail
-** - when first(p1) and first(p2) are disjoint; than
+** - when p1 is headfail or
+** when first(p1) and first(p2) are disjoint, than
 ** a character not in first(p1) cannot go to p1, and a character
 ** in first(p1) cannot go to p2 (at it is not in first(p2)).
 ** (The optimization is not valid if p1 accepts the empty string,
 ** as then there is no character at all...)
-** - when p2 is empty and opt is true; a IPartialCommit can resuse
+** - when p2 is empty and opt is true; a IPartialCommit can reuse
 ** the Choice already active in the stack.
 */
 static void codechoice (CompileState *compst, TTree *p1, TTree *p2, int opt,
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ static void codechoice (CompileState *compst, TTree *p1, TTree *p2, int opt,
   }
   else {
     /* <p1 / p2> == 
-        test(fail(p1)) -> L1; choice L1; <p1>; commit L2; L1: <p2>; L2: */
+        test(first(p1)) -> L1; choice L1; <p1>; commit L2; L1: <p2>; L2: */
     int pcommit;
     int test = codetestset(compst, &cs1, e1);
     int pchoice = addoffsetinst(compst, IChoice);
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ static void coderep (CompileState *compst, TTree *tree, int opt,
       /* L1: test (fail(p1)) -> L2; <p>; jmp L1; L2: */
       int jmp;
       int test = codetestset(compst, &st, 0);
-      codegen(compst, tree, opt, test, fullset);
+      codegen(compst, tree, 0, test, fullset);
       jmp = addoffsetinst(compst, IJmp);
       jumptohere(compst, test);
       jumptothere(compst, jmp, test);
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lpcode.h b/3rd/lpeg/lpcode.h
index 72d2bb94..896d3c79 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lpcode.h
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lpcode.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lpcode.h,v 1.6 2013/11/28 14:56:02 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lpcode.h,v 1.7 2015/06/12 18:24:45 roberto Exp $
 */
 
 #if !defined(lpcode_h)
@@ -24,7 +24,15 @@ int sizei (const Instruction *i);
 #define PEnullable      0
 #define PEnofail        1
 
+/*
+** nofail(t) implies that 't' cannot fail with any input
+*/
 #define nofail(t)	checkaux(t, PEnofail)
+
+/*
+** (not nullable(t)) implies 't' cannot match without consuming
+** something
+*/
 #define nullable(t)	checkaux(t, PEnullable)
 
 #define fixedlen(t)     fixedlenx(t, 0, 0)
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lpeg.html b/3rd/lpeg/lpeg.html
index 0eb1747f..c0a7f090 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lpeg.html
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lpeg.html
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 </head>
 <body>
 
-<!-- $Id: lpeg.html,v 1.72 2014/12/12 17:11:35 roberto Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: lpeg.html,v 1.75 2015/09/28 17:17:41 roberto Exp $ -->
 
 <div id="container">
 	
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
   </div>
   <div id="product_name"><big><strong>LPeg</strong></big></div>
   <div id="product_description">
-     Parsing Expression Grammars For Lua, version 0.12
+     Parsing Expression Grammars For Lua, version 1.0
   </div>
 </div> <!-- id="product" -->
 
@@ -195,13 +195,16 @@ Returns a string with the running version of LPeg.
 
 <h3><a name="f-setstack"></a><code>lpeg.setmaxstack (max)</code></h3>
 <p>
-Sets the maximum size for the backtrack stack used by LPeg to
+Sets a limit for the size of the backtrack stack used by LPeg to
 track calls and choices.
+(The default limit is 400.)
 Most well-written patterns need little backtrack levels and
-therefore you seldom need to change this maximum;
-but a few useful patterns may need more space.
-Before changing this maximum you should try to rewrite your
+therefore you seldom need to change this limit;
+before changing it you should try to rewrite your
 pattern to avoid the need for extra space.
+Nevertheless, a few useful patterns may overflow.
+Also, with recursive grammars,
+subjects with deep recursion may also need larger limits.
 </p>
 
 
@@ -682,7 +685,8 @@ argument given in the call to <code>lpeg.match</code>.
 Creates a <em>back capture</em>.
 This pattern matches the empty string and
 produces the values produced by the <em>most recent</em>
-<a href="#cap-g">group capture</a> named <code>name</code>.
+<a href="#cap-g">group capture</a> named <code>name</code>
+(where <code>name</code> can be any Lua value).
 </p>
 
 <p>
@@ -762,7 +766,8 @@ Creates a <em>group capture</em>.
 It groups all values returned by <code>patt</code>
 into a single capture.
 The group may be anonymous (if no name is given)
-or named with the given name.
+or named with the given name
+(which can be any non-nil Lua value).
 </p>
 
 <p>
@@ -1375,13 +1380,13 @@ and the new term for each repetition.
 <h2><a name="download"></a>Download</h2>
 
 <p>LPeg 
-<a href="http://www.inf.puc-rio.br/~roberto/lpeg/lpeg-0.12.1.tar.gz">source code</a>.</p>
+<a href="http://www.inf.puc-rio.br/~roberto/lpeg/lpeg-1.0.0.tar.gz">source code</a>.</p>
 
 
 <h2><a name="license">License</a></h2>
 
 <p>
-Copyright &copy; 2014 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+Copyright &copy; 2007-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 </p>
 <p>
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge,
@@ -1419,7 +1424,7 @@ THE SOFTWARE.
 
 <div id="about">
 <p><small>
-$Id: lpeg.html,v 1.72 2014/12/12 17:11:35 roberto Exp $
+$Id: lpeg.html,v 1.75 2015/09/28 17:17:41 roberto Exp $
 </small></p>
 </div> <!-- id="about" -->
 
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lpprint.c b/3rd/lpeg/lpprint.c
index 05fa6488..174d1687 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lpprint.c
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lpprint.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lpprint.c,v 1.7 2013/04/12 16:29:49 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lpprint.c,v 1.9 2015/06/15 16:09:57 roberto Exp $
 ** Copyright 2007, Lua.org & PUC-Rio  (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
 */
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ static void printjmp (const Instruction *op, const Instruction *p) {
 }
 
 
-static void printinst (const Instruction *op, const Instruction *p) {
+void printinst (const Instruction *op, const Instruction *p) {
   const char *const names[] = {
     "any", "char", "set",
     "testany", "testchar", "testset",
@@ -221,10 +221,10 @@ void printtree (TTree *tree, int ident) {
 
 void printktable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   int n, i;
-  lua_getfenv(L, idx);
+  lua_getuservalue(L, idx);
   if (lua_isnil(L, -1))  /* no ktable? */
     return;
-  n = lua_objlen(L, -1);
+  n = lua_rawlen(L, -1);
   printf("[");
   for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
     printf("%d = ", i);
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lpprint.h b/3rd/lpeg/lpprint.h
index e640f744..63297607 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lpprint.h
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lpprint.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lpprint.h,v 1.1 2013/03/21 20:25:12 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lpprint.h,v 1.2 2015/06/12 18:18:08 roberto Exp $
 */
 
 
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ void printtree (TTree *tree, int ident);
 void printktable (lua_State *L, int idx);
 void printcharset (const byte *st);
 void printcaplist (Capture *cap, Capture *limit);
+void printinst (const Instruction *op, const Instruction *p);
 
 #else
 
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lptree.c b/3rd/lpeg/lptree.c
index 7c5b8200..ac5f5150 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lptree.c
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lptree.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lptree.c,v 1.13 2014/12/12 16:59:10 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lptree.c,v 1.21 2015/09/28 17:01:25 roberto Exp $
 ** Copyright 2013, Lua.org & PUC-Rio  (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
 */
 
@@ -126,6 +126,189 @@ static void finalfix (lua_State *L, int postable, TTree *g, TTree *t) {
 }
 
 
+
+/*
+** {===================================================================
+** KTable manipulation
+**
+** - The ktable of a pattern 'p' can be shared by other patterns that
+** contain 'p' and no other constants. Because of this sharing, we
+** should not add elements to a 'ktable' unless it was freshly created
+** for the new pattern.
+**
+** - The maximum index in a ktable is USHRT_MAX, because trees and
+** patterns use unsigned shorts to store those indices.
+** ====================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** Create a new 'ktable' to the pattern at the top of the stack.
+*/
+static void newktable (lua_State *L, int n) {
+  lua_createtable(L, n, 0);  /* create a fresh table */
+  lua_setuservalue(L, -2);  /* set it as 'ktable' for pattern */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add element 'idx' to 'ktable' of pattern at the top of the stack;
+** Return index of new element.
+** If new element is nil, does not add it to table (as it would be
+** useless) and returns 0, as ktable[0] is always nil.
+*/
+static int addtoktable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+  if (lua_isnil(L, idx))  /* nil value? */
+    return 0;
+  else {
+    int n;
+    lua_getuservalue(L, -1);  /* get ktable from pattern */
+    n = lua_rawlen(L, -1);
+    if (n >= USHRT_MAX)
+      luaL_error(L, "too many Lua values in pattern");
+    lua_pushvalue(L, idx);  /* element to be added */
+    lua_rawseti(L, -2, ++n);
+    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove 'ktable' */
+    return n;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return the number of elements in the ktable at 'idx'.
+** In Lua 5.2/5.3, default "environment" for patterns is nil, not
+** a table. Treat it as an empty table. In Lua 5.1, assumes that
+** the environment has no numeric indices (len == 0)
+*/
+static int ktablelen (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+  if (!lua_istable(L, idx)) return 0;
+  else return lua_rawlen(L, idx);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Concatentate the contents of table 'idx1' into table 'idx2'.
+** (Assume that both indices are negative.)
+** Return the original length of table 'idx2' (or 0, if no
+** element was added, as there is no need to correct any index).
+*/
+static int concattable (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2) {
+  int i;
+  int n1 = ktablelen(L, idx1);
+  int n2 = ktablelen(L, idx2);
+  if (n1 + n2 > USHRT_MAX)
+    luaL_error(L, "too many Lua values in pattern");
+  if (n1 == 0) return 0;  /* nothing to correct */
+  for (i = 1; i <= n1; i++) {
+    lua_rawgeti(L, idx1, i);
+    lua_rawseti(L, idx2 - 1, n2 + i);  /* correct 'idx2' */
+  }
+  return n2;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** When joining 'ktables', constants from one of the subpatterns must
+** be renumbered; 'correctkeys' corrects their indices (adding 'n'
+** to each of them)
+*/
+static void correctkeys (TTree *tree, int n) {
+  if (n == 0) return;  /* no correction? */
+ tailcall:
+  switch (tree->tag) {
+    case TOpenCall: case TCall: case TRunTime: case TRule: {
+      if (tree->key > 0)
+        tree->key += n;
+      break;
+    }
+    case TCapture: {
+      if (tree->key > 0 && tree->cap != Carg && tree->cap != Cnum)
+        tree->key += n;
+      break;
+    }
+    default: break;
+  }
+  switch (numsiblings[tree->tag]) {
+    case 1:  /* correctkeys(sib1(tree), n); */
+      tree = sib1(tree); goto tailcall;
+    case 2:
+      correctkeys(sib1(tree), n);
+      tree = sib2(tree); goto tailcall;  /* correctkeys(sib2(tree), n); */
+    default: assert(numsiblings[tree->tag] == 0); break;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Join the ktables from p1 and p2 the ktable for the new pattern at the
+** top of the stack, reusing them when possible.
+*/
+static void joinktables (lua_State *L, int p1, TTree *t2, int p2) {
+  int n1, n2;
+  lua_getuservalue(L, p1);  /* get ktables */
+  lua_getuservalue(L, p2);
+  n1 = ktablelen(L, -2);
+  n2 = ktablelen(L, -1);
+  if (n1 == 0 && n2 == 0)  /* are both tables empty? */
+    lua_pop(L, 2);  /* nothing to be done; pop tables */
+  else if (n2 == 0 || lp_equal(L, -2, -1)) {  /* 2nd table empty or equal? */
+    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* pop 2nd table */
+    lua_setuservalue(L, -2);  /* set 1st ktable into new pattern */
+  }
+  else if (n1 == 0) {  /* first table is empty? */
+    lua_setuservalue(L, -3);  /* set 2nd table into new pattern */
+    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* pop 1st table */
+  }
+  else {
+    lua_createtable(L, n1 + n2, 0);  /* create ktable for new pattern */
+    /* stack: new p; ktable p1; ktable p2; new ktable */
+    concattable(L, -3, -1);  /* from p1 into new ktable */
+    concattable(L, -2, -1);  /* from p2 into new ktable */
+    lua_setuservalue(L, -4);  /* new ktable becomes 'p' environment */
+    lua_pop(L, 2);  /* pop other ktables */
+    correctkeys(t2, n1);  /* correction for indices from p2 */
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** copy 'ktable' of element 'idx' to new tree (on top of stack)
+*/
+static void copyktable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+  lua_getuservalue(L, idx);
+  lua_setuservalue(L, -2);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** merge 'ktable' from 'stree' at stack index 'idx' into 'ktable'
+** from tree at the top of the stack, and correct corresponding
+** tree.
+*/
+static void mergektable (lua_State *L, int idx, TTree *stree) {
+  int n;
+  lua_getuservalue(L, -1);  /* get ktables */
+  lua_getuservalue(L, idx);
+  n = concattable(L, -1, -2);
+  lua_pop(L, 2);  /* remove both ktables */
+  correctkeys(stree, n);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create a new 'ktable' to the pattern at the top of the stack, adding
+** all elements from pattern 'p' (if not 0) plus element 'idx' to it.
+** Return index of new element.
+*/
+static int addtonewktable (lua_State *L, int p, int idx) {
+  newktable(L, 1);
+  if (p)
+    mergektable(L, p, NULL);
+  return addtoktable(L, idx);
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
 /*
 ** {======================================================
 ** Tree generation
@@ -155,7 +338,7 @@ static Pattern *getpattern (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 
 
 static int getsize (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  return (lua_objlen(L, idx) - sizeof(Pattern)) / sizeof(TTree) + 1;
+  return (lua_rawlen(L, idx) - sizeof(Pattern)) / sizeof(TTree) + 1;
 }
 
 
@@ -168,12 +351,16 @@ static TTree *gettree (lua_State *L, int idx, int *len) {
 
 
 /*
-** create a pattern
+** create a pattern. Set its uservalue (the 'ktable') equal to its
+** metatable. (It could be any empty sequence; the metatable is at
+** hand here, so we use it.)
 */
 static TTree *newtree (lua_State *L, int len) {
   size_t size = (len - 1) * sizeof(TTree) + sizeof(Pattern);
   Pattern *p = (Pattern *)lua_newuserdata(L, size);
   luaL_getmetatable(L, PATTERN_T);
+  lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
+  lua_setuservalue(L, -3);
   lua_setmetatable(L, -2);
   p->code = NULL;  p->codesize = 0;
   return p->tree;
@@ -206,35 +393,6 @@ static TTree *seqaux (TTree *tree, TTree *sib, int sibsize) {
 }
 
 
-/*
-** Add element 'idx' to 'ktable' of pattern at the top of the stack;
-** create new 'ktable' if necessary. Return index of new element.
-** If new element is nil, does not add it to table (as it would be
-** useless) and returns 0, as ktable[0] is always nil.
-*/
-static int addtoktable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  if (idx == 0)  /* no actual value to insert? */
-    return 0;
-  else {
-    int n;
-    lua_getfenv(L, -1);  /* get ktable from pattern */
-    n = lua_objlen(L, -1);
-    if (n == 0) {  /* is it empty/non-existent? */
-      lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove it */
-      lua_createtable(L, 1, 0);  /* create a fresh table */
-      lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* make a copy */
-      lua_setfenv(L, -3);  /* set it as 'ktable' for pattern */
-    }
-    if (!lua_isnil(L, idx)) {  /* non-nil value? */
-      lua_pushvalue(L, idx);  /* element to be added */
-      lua_rawseti(L, -2, ++n);
-    }
-    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove 'ktable' */
-    return n;
-  }
-}
-
-
 /*
 ** Build a sequence of 'n' nodes, each with tag 'tag' and 'u.n' got
 ** from the array 's' (or 0 if array is NULL). (TSeq is binary, so it
@@ -310,7 +468,7 @@ static TTree *getpatt (lua_State *L, int idx, int *len) {
     case LUA_TFUNCTION: {
       tree = newtree(L, 2);
       tree->tag = TRunTime;
-      tree->key = addtoktable(L, idx);
+      tree->key = addtonewktable(L, 0, idx);
       sib1(tree)->tag = TTrue;
       break;
     }
@@ -325,123 +483,6 @@ static TTree *getpatt (lua_State *L, int idx, int *len) {
 }
 
 
-/*
-** Return the number of elements in the ktable of pattern at 'idx'.
-** In Lua 5.2, default "environment" for patterns is nil, not
-** a table. Treat it as an empty table. In Lua 5.1, assumes that
-** the environment has no numeric indices (len == 0)
-*/
-static int ktablelen (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  if (!lua_istable(L, idx)) return 0;
-  else return lua_objlen(L, idx);
-}
-
-
-/*
-** Concatentate the contents of table 'idx1' into table 'idx2'.
-** (Assume that both indices are negative.)
-** Return the original length of table 'idx2'
-*/
-static int concattable (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2) {
-  int i;
-  int n1 = ktablelen(L, idx1);
-  int n2 = ktablelen(L, idx2);
-  if (n1 == 0) return 0;  /* nothing to correct */
-  for (i = 1; i <= n1; i++) {
-    lua_rawgeti(L, idx1, i);
-    lua_rawseti(L, idx2 - 1, n2 + i);  /* correct 'idx2' */
-  }
-  return n2;
-}
-
-
-/*
-** Make a merge of ktables from p1 and p2 the ktable for the new
-** pattern at the top of the stack.
-*/
-static int joinktables (lua_State *L, int p1, int p2) {
-  int n1, n2;
-  lua_getfenv(L, p1);  /* get ktables */
-  lua_getfenv(L, p2);
-  n1 = ktablelen(L, -2);
-  n2 = ktablelen(L, -1);
-  if (n1 == 0 && n2 == 0) {  /* are both tables empty? */
-    lua_pop(L, 2);  /* nothing to be done; pop tables */
-    return 0;  /* nothing to correct */
-  }
-  if (n2 == 0 || lua_equal(L, -2, -1)) {  /* second table is empty or equal? */
-    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* pop 2nd table */
-    lua_setfenv(L, -2);  /* set 1st ktable into new pattern */
-    return 0;  /* nothing to correct */
-  }
-  if (n1 == 0) {  /* first table is empty? */
-    lua_setfenv(L, -3);  /* set 2nd table into new pattern */
-    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* pop 1st table */
-    return 0;  /* nothing to correct */
-  }
-  else {
-    lua_createtable(L, n1 + n2, 0);  /* create ktable for new pattern */
-    /* stack: new p; ktable p1; ktable p2; new ktable */
-    concattable(L, -3, -1);  /* from p1 into new ktable */
-    concattable(L, -2, -1);  /* from p2 into new ktable */
-    lua_setfenv(L, -4);  /* new ktable becomes p env */
-    lua_pop(L, 2);  /* pop other ktables */
-    return n1;  /* correction for indices from p2 */
-  }
-}
-
-
-static void correctkeys (TTree *tree, int n) {
-  if (n == 0) return;  /* no correction? */
- tailcall:
-  switch (tree->tag) {
-    case TOpenCall: case TCall: case TRunTime: case TRule: {
-      if (tree->key > 0)
-        tree->key += n;
-      break;
-    }
-    case TCapture: {
-      if (tree->key > 0 && tree->cap != Carg && tree->cap != Cnum)
-        tree->key += n;
-      break;
-    }
-    default: break;
-  }
-  switch (numsiblings[tree->tag]) {
-    case 1:  /* correctkeys(sib1(tree), n); */
-      tree = sib1(tree); goto tailcall;
-    case 2:
-      correctkeys(sib1(tree), n);
-      tree = sib2(tree); goto tailcall;  /* correctkeys(sib2(tree), n); */
-    default: assert(numsiblings[tree->tag] == 0); break;
-  }
-}
-
-
-/*
-** copy 'ktable' of element 'idx' to new tree (on top of stack)
-*/
-static void copyktable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  lua_getfenv(L, idx);
-  lua_setfenv(L, -2);
-}
-
-
-/*
-** merge 'ktable' from rule at stack index 'idx' into 'ktable'
-** from tree at the top of the stack, and correct corresponding
-** tree.
-*/
-static void mergektable (lua_State *L, int idx, TTree *rule) {
-  int n;
-  lua_getfenv(L, -1);  /* get ktables */
-  lua_getfenv(L, idx);
-  n = concattable(L, -1, -2);
-  lua_pop(L, 2);  /* remove both ktables */
-  correctkeys(rule, n);
-}
-
-
 /*
 ** create a new tree, whith a new root and one sibling.
 ** Sibling must be on the Lua stack, at index 1.
@@ -470,7 +511,7 @@ static TTree *newroot2sib (lua_State *L, int tag) {
   tree->u.ps =  1 + s1;
   memcpy(sib1(tree), tree1, s1 * sizeof(TTree));
   memcpy(sib2(tree), tree2, s2 * sizeof(TTree));
-  correctkeys(sib2(tree), joinktables(L, 1, 2));
+  joinktables(L, 1, sib2(tree), 2);
   return tree;
 }
 
@@ -599,7 +640,7 @@ static int lp_sub (lua_State *L) {
     sib1(tree)->tag = TNot;  /* ...not... */
     memcpy(sib1(sib1(tree)), t2, s2 * sizeof(TTree));  /* ...t2 */
     memcpy(sib2(tree), t1, s1 * sizeof(TTree));  /* ... and t1 */
-    correctkeys(sib1(tree), joinktables(L, 1, 2));
+    joinktables(L, 1, sib1(tree), 2);
   }
   return 1;
 }
@@ -640,7 +681,7 @@ static int lp_behind (lua_State *L) {
   TTree *tree;
   TTree *tree1 = getpatt(L, 1, NULL);
   int n = fixedlen(tree1);
-  luaL_argcheck(L, n > 0, 1, "pattern may not have fixed length");
+  luaL_argcheck(L, n >= 0, 1, "pattern may not have fixed length");
   luaL_argcheck(L, !hascaptures(tree1), 1, "pattern have captures");
   luaL_argcheck(L, n <= MAXBEHIND, 1, "pattern too long to look behind");
   tree = newroot1sib(L, TBehind);
@@ -655,7 +696,7 @@ static int lp_behind (lua_State *L) {
 static int lp_V (lua_State *L) {
   TTree *tree = newleaf(L, TOpenCall);
   luaL_argcheck(L, !lua_isnoneornil(L, 1), 1, "non-nil value expected");
-  tree->key = addtoktable(L, 1);
+  tree->key = addtonewktable(L, 0, 1);
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -668,7 +709,7 @@ static int lp_V (lua_State *L) {
 static int capture_aux (lua_State *L, int cap, int labelidx) {
   TTree *tree = newroot1sib(L, TCapture);
   tree->cap = cap;
-  tree->key = addtoktable(L, labelidx);
+  tree->key = (labelidx == 0) ? 0 : addtonewktable(L, 1, labelidx);
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -676,10 +717,9 @@ static int capture_aux (lua_State *L, int cap, int labelidx) {
 /*
 ** Fill a tree with an empty capture, using an empty (TTrue) sibling.
 */
-static TTree *auxemptycap (lua_State *L, TTree *tree, int cap, int idx) {
+static TTree *auxemptycap (TTree *tree, int cap) {
   tree->tag = TCapture;
   tree->cap = cap;
-  tree->key = addtoktable(L, idx);
   sib1(tree)->tag = TTrue;
   return tree;
 }
@@ -688,8 +728,18 @@ static TTree *auxemptycap (lua_State *L, TTree *tree, int cap, int idx) {
 /*
 ** Create a tree for an empty capture
 */
-static TTree *newemptycap (lua_State *L, int cap, int idx) {
-  return auxemptycap(L, newtree(L, 2), cap, idx);
+static TTree *newemptycap (lua_State *L, int cap) {
+  return auxemptycap(newtree(L, 2), cap);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create a tree for an empty capture with an associated Lua value
+*/
+static TTree *newemptycapkey (lua_State *L, int cap, int idx) {
+  TTree *tree = auxemptycap(newtree(L, 2), cap);
+  tree->key = addtonewktable(L, 0, idx);
+  return tree;
 }
 
 
@@ -728,10 +778,8 @@ static int lp_tablecapture (lua_State *L) {
 static int lp_groupcapture (lua_State *L) {
   if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 2))
     return capture_aux(L, Cgroup, 0);
-  else {
-    luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
+  else
     return capture_aux(L, Cgroup, 2);
-  }
 }
 
 
@@ -747,14 +795,14 @@ static int lp_simplecapture (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 static int lp_poscapture (lua_State *L) {
-  newemptycap(L, Cposition, 0);
+  newemptycap(L, Cposition);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int lp_argcapture (lua_State *L) {
   int n = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
-  TTree *tree = newemptycap(L, Carg, 0);
+  TTree *tree = newemptycap(L, Carg);
   tree->key = n;
   luaL_argcheck(L, 0 < n && n <= SHRT_MAX, 1, "invalid argument index");
   return 1;
@@ -762,8 +810,8 @@ static int lp_argcapture (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 static int lp_backref (lua_State *L) {
-  luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
-  newemptycap(L, Cbackref, 1);
+  luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+  newemptycapkey(L, Cbackref, 1);
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -777,9 +825,10 @@ static int lp_constcapture (lua_State *L) {
   if (n == 0)  /* no values? */
     newleaf(L, TTrue);  /* no capture */
   else if (n == 1)
-    newemptycap(L, Cconst, 1);  /* single constant capture */
+    newemptycapkey(L, Cconst, 1);  /* single constant capture */
   else {  /* create a group capture with all values */
     TTree *tree = newtree(L, 1 + 3 * (n - 1) + 2);
+    newktable(L, n);  /* create a 'ktable' for new tree */
     tree->tag = TCapture;
     tree->cap = Cgroup;
     tree->key = 0;
@@ -787,10 +836,12 @@ static int lp_constcapture (lua_State *L) {
     for (i = 1; i <= n - 1; i++) {
       tree->tag = TSeq;
       tree->u.ps = 3;  /* skip TCapture and its sibling */
-      auxemptycap(L, sib1(tree), Cconst, i);
+      auxemptycap(sib1(tree), Cconst);
+      sib1(tree)->key = addtoktable(L, i);
       tree = sib2(tree);
     }
-    auxemptycap(L, tree, Cconst, i);
+    auxemptycap(tree, Cconst);
+    tree->key = addtoktable(L, i);
   }
   return 1;
 }
@@ -800,7 +851,7 @@ static int lp_matchtime (lua_State *L) {
   TTree *tree;
   luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION);
   tree = newroot1sib(L, TRunTime);
-  tree->key = addtoktable(L, 2);
+  tree->key = addtonewktable(L, 1, 2);
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -857,7 +908,7 @@ static int collectrules (lua_State *L, int arg, int *totalsize) {
   lua_pushnil(L);  /* prepare to traverse grammar table */
   while (lua_next(L, arg) != 0) {
     if (lua_tonumber(L, -2) == 1 ||
-        lua_equal(L, -2, postab + 1)) {  /* initial rule? */
+        lp_equal(L, -2, postab + 1)) {  /* initial rule? */
       lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove value (keep key for lua_next) */
       continue;
     }
@@ -934,36 +985,40 @@ static int verifyerror (lua_State *L, int *passed, int npassed) {
 
 /*
 ** Check whether a rule can be left recursive; raise an error in that
-** case; otherwise return 1 iff pattern is nullable. Assume ktable at
-** the top of the stack.
+** case; otherwise return 1 iff pattern is nullable.
+** The return value is used to check sequences, where the second pattern
+** is only relevant if the first is nullable.
+** Parameter 'nb' works as an accumulator, to allow tail calls in
+** choices. ('nb' true makes function returns true.)
+** Assume ktable at the top of the stack.
 */
 static int verifyrule (lua_State *L, TTree *tree, int *passed, int npassed,
-                       int nullable) {
+                       int nb) {
  tailcall:
   switch (tree->tag) {
     case TChar: case TSet: case TAny:
     case TFalse:
-      return nullable;  /* cannot pass from here */
+      return nb;  /* cannot pass from here */
     case TTrue:
     case TBehind:  /* look-behind cannot have calls */
       return 1;
     case TNot: case TAnd: case TRep:
       /* return verifyrule(L, sib1(tree), passed, npassed, 1); */
-      tree = sib1(tree); nullable = 1; goto tailcall;
+      tree = sib1(tree); nb = 1; goto tailcall;
     case TCapture: case TRunTime:
-      /* return verifyrule(L, sib1(tree), passed, npassed); */
+      /* return verifyrule(L, sib1(tree), passed, npassed, nb); */
       tree = sib1(tree); goto tailcall;
     case TCall:
-      /* return verifyrule(L, sib2(tree), passed, npassed); */
+      /* return verifyrule(L, sib2(tree), passed, npassed, nb); */
       tree = sib2(tree); goto tailcall;
-    case TSeq:  /* only check 2nd child if first is nullable */
+    case TSeq:  /* only check 2nd child if first is nb */
       if (!verifyrule(L, sib1(tree), passed, npassed, 0))
-        return nullable;
-      /* else return verifyrule(L, sib2(tree), passed, npassed); */
+        return nb;
+      /* else return verifyrule(L, sib2(tree), passed, npassed, nb); */
       tree = sib2(tree); goto tailcall;
     case TChoice:  /* must check both children */
-      nullable = verifyrule(L, sib1(tree), passed, npassed, nullable);
-      /* return verifyrule(L, sib2(tree), passed, npassed, nullable); */
+      nb = verifyrule(L, sib1(tree), passed, npassed, nb);
+      /* return verifyrule(L, sib2(tree), passed, npassed, nb); */
       tree = sib2(tree); goto tailcall;
     case TRule:
       if (npassed >= MAXRULES)
@@ -1006,7 +1061,7 @@ static void verifygrammar (lua_State *L, TTree *grammar) {
 */
 static void initialrulename (lua_State *L, TTree *grammar, int frule) {
   if (sib1(grammar)->key == 0) {  /* initial rule is not referenced? */
-    int n = lua_objlen(L, -1) + 1;  /* index for name */
+    int n = lua_rawlen(L, -1) + 1;  /* index for name */
     lua_pushvalue(L, frule);  /* rule's name */
     lua_rawseti(L, -2, n);  /* ktable was on the top of the stack */
     sib1(grammar)->key = n;
@@ -1022,9 +1077,9 @@ static TTree *newgrammar (lua_State *L, int arg) {
   luaL_argcheck(L, n <= MAXRULES, arg, "grammar has too many rules");
   g->tag = TGrammar;  g->u.n = n;
   lua_newtable(L);  /* create 'ktable' */
-  lua_setfenv(L, -2);
+  lua_setuservalue(L, -2);
   buildgrammar(L, g, frule, n);
-  lua_getfenv(L, -1);  /* get 'ktable' for new tree */
+  lua_getuservalue(L, -1);  /* get 'ktable' for new tree */
   finalfix(L, frule - 1, g, sib1(g));
   initialrulename(L, g, frule);
   verifygrammar(L, g);
@@ -1038,7 +1093,7 @@ static TTree *newgrammar (lua_State *L, int arg) {
 
 
 static Instruction *prepcompile (lua_State *L, Pattern *p, int idx) {
-  lua_getfenv(L, idx);  /* push 'ktable' (may be used by 'finalfix') */
+  lua_getuservalue(L, idx);  /* push 'ktable' (may be used by 'finalfix') */
   finalfix(L, 0, NULL, p->tree);
   lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove 'ktable' */
   return compile(L, p);
@@ -1049,7 +1104,7 @@ static int lp_printtree (lua_State *L) {
   TTree *tree = getpatt(L, 1, NULL);
   int c = lua_toboolean(L, 2);
   if (c) {
-    lua_getfenv(L, 1);  /* push 'ktable' (may be used by 'finalfix') */
+    lua_getuservalue(L, 1);  /* push 'ktable' (may be used by 'finalfix') */
     finalfix(L, 0, NULL, tree);
     lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove 'ktable' */
   }
@@ -1102,7 +1157,7 @@ static int lp_match (lua_State *L) {
   int ptop = lua_gettop(L);
   lua_pushnil(L);  /* initialize subscache */
   lua_pushlightuserdata(L, capture);  /* initialize caplistidx */
-  lua_getfenv(L, 1);  /* initialize penvidx */
+  lua_getuservalue(L, 1);  /* initialize penvidx */
   r = match(L, s, s + i, s + l, code, capture, ptop);
   if (r == NULL) {
     lua_pushnil(L);
@@ -1119,8 +1174,12 @@ static int lp_match (lua_State *L) {
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
+/* maximum limit for stack size */
+#define MAXLIM		(INT_MAX / 100)
+
 static int lp_setmax (lua_State *L) {
-  luaL_optinteger(L, 1, -1);
+  lua_Integer lim = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
+  luaL_argcheck(L, 0 < lim && lim <= MAXLIM, 1, "out of range");
   lua_settop(L, 1);
   lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, MAXSTACKIDX);
   return 0;
@@ -1144,8 +1203,7 @@ static int lp_type (lua_State *L) {
 
 int lp_gc (lua_State *L) {
   Pattern *p = getpattern(L, 1);
-  if (p->codesize > 0)
-    realloccode(L, p, 0);
+  realloccode(L, p, 0);  /* delete code block */
   return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1228,8 +1286,8 @@ int luaopen_lpeg (lua_State *L) {
   luaL_newmetatable(L, PATTERN_T);
   lua_pushnumber(L, MAXBACK);  /* initialize maximum backtracking */
   lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, MAXSTACKIDX);
-  luaL_register(L, NULL, metareg);
-  luaL_register(L, "lpeg", pattreg);
+  luaL_setfuncs(L, metareg, 0);
+  luaL_newlib(L, pattreg);
   lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
   lua_setfield(L, -3, "__index");
   return 1;
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lptypes.h b/3rd/lpeg/lptypes.h
index b85c0c97..5eb7987b 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lptypes.h
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lptypes.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lptypes.h,v 1.10 2014/12/12 17:11:35 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lptypes.h,v 1.14 2015/09/28 17:17:41 roberto Exp $
 ** LPeg - PEG pattern matching for Lua
-** Copyright 2007-2014, Lua.org & PUC-Rio  (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
+** Copyright 2007-2015, Lua.org & PUC-Rio  (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
 ** written by Roberto Ierusalimschy
 */
 
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #include "lua.h"
 
 
-#define VERSION         "0.12.1"
+#define VERSION         "1.0.0"
 
 
 #define PATTERN_T	"lpeg-pattern"
@@ -27,31 +27,31 @@
 
 
 /*
-** compatibility with Lua 5.2
+** compatibility with Lua 5.1
 */
-#if (LUA_VERSION_NUM >= 502)
+#if (LUA_VERSION_NUM == 501)
 
-#undef lua_equal
-#define lua_equal(L,idx1,idx2)  lua_compare(L,(idx1),(idx2),LUA_OPEQ)
+#define lp_equal	lua_equal
 
-#undef lua_getfenv
-#define lua_getfenv	lua_getuservalue
-#undef lua_setfenv
-#define lua_setfenv	lua_setuservalue
+#define lua_getuservalue	lua_getfenv
+#define lua_setuservalue	lua_setfenv
 
-#undef lua_objlen
-#define lua_objlen	lua_rawlen
+#define lua_rawlen		lua_objlen
 
-#undef luaL_register
-#define luaL_register(L,n,f) \
-	{ if ((n) == NULL) luaL_setfuncs(L,f,0); else luaL_newlib(L,f); }
+#define luaL_setfuncs(L,f,n)	luaL_register(L,NULL,f)
+#define luaL_newlib(L,f)	luaL_register(L,"lpeg",f)
 
 #endif
 
 
+#if !defined(lp_equal)
+#define lp_equal(L,idx1,idx2)  lua_compare(L,(idx1),(idx2),LUA_OPEQ)
+#endif
+
+
 /* default maximum size for call/backtrack stack */
 #if !defined(MAXBACK)
-#define MAXBACK         100
+#define MAXBACK         400
 #endif
 
 
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/lpvm.c b/3rd/lpeg/lpvm.c
index cd893ed8..eaf2ebfd 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/lpvm.c
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/lpvm.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lpvm.c,v 1.5 2013/04/12 16:29:49 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lpvm.c,v 1.6 2015/09/28 17:01:25 roberto Exp $
 ** Copyright 2007, Lua.org & PUC-Rio  (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
 */
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 /* initial size for call/backtrack stack */
 #if !defined(INITBACK)
-#define INITBACK	100
+#define INITBACK	MAXBACK
 #endif
 
 
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ static Stack *doublestack (lua_State *L, Stack **stacklimit, int ptop) {
   max = lua_tointeger(L, -1);  /* maximum allowed size */
   lua_pop(L, 1);
   if (n >= max)  /* already at maximum size? */
-    luaL_error(L, "too many pending calls/choices");
+    luaL_error(L, "backtrack stack overflow (current limit is %d)", max);
   newn = 2 * n;  /* new size */
   if (newn > max) newn = max;
   newstack = (Stack *)lua_newuserdata(L, newn * sizeof(Stack));
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/re.html b/3rd/lpeg/re.html
index 4717ec2b..d0d9744f 100644
--- a/3rd/lpeg/re.html
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/re.html
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 </head>
 <body>
 
-<!-- $Id: re.html,v 1.21 2013/03/28 20:43:30 roberto Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: re.html,v 1.23 2015/09/28 17:17:41 roberto Exp $ -->
 
 <div id="container">
 	
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ it would be useful if each table had
 a <code>tag</code> field telling what non terminal
 that table represents.
 We can add such a tag using
-<a href="lpeg.html/#cap-g">named group captures</a>:
+<a href="lpeg.html#cap-g">named group captures</a>:
 </p>
 <pre class="example">
 x = re.compile[[
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ print(re.match(p, p))   -- a self description must match itself
 <h2><a name="license">License</a></h2>
 
 <p>
-Copyright &copy; 2008-2010 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+Copyright &copy; 2008-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 </p>
 <p>
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge,
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ THE SOFTWARE.
 
 <div id="about">
 <p><small>
-$Id: re.html,v 1.21 2013/03/28 20:43:30 roberto Exp $
+$Id: re.html,v 1.23 2015/09/28 17:17:41 roberto Exp $
 </small></p>
 </div> <!-- id="about" -->
 
diff --git a/3rd/lpeg/test.lua b/3rd/lpeg/test.lua
index fec5a85b..017a3abf 100755
--- a/3rd/lpeg/test.lua
+++ b/3rd/lpeg/test.lua
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env lua5.1
+#!/usr/bin/env lua
 
--- $Id: test.lua,v 1.105 2014/12/12 17:00:39 roberto Exp $
+-- $Id: test.lua,v 1.109 2015/09/28 17:01:25 roberto Exp $
 
 -- require"strict"    -- just to be pedantic
 
@@ -16,9 +16,6 @@ local unpack = rawget(table, "unpack") or unpack
 local loadstring = rawget(_G, "loadstring") or load
 
 
--- most tests here do not need much stack space
-m.setmaxstack(5)
-
 local any = m.P(1)
 local space = m.S" \t\n"^0
 
@@ -291,6 +288,13 @@ assert(m.match(m.P"ab"^-1 - "c", "abcd") == 3)
 
 p = ('Aa' * ('Bb' * ('Cc' * m.P'Dd'^0)^0)^0)^-1
 assert(p:match("AaBbCcDdBbCcDdDdDdBb") == 21)
+
+
+-- bug in 0.12.2
+-- p = { ('ab' ('c' 'ef'?)*)? }
+p = m.C(('ab' * ('c' * m.P'ef'^-1)^0)^-1)
+s = "abcefccefc"
+assert(s == p:match(s))
  
 
 pi = "3.14159 26535 89793 23846 26433 83279 50288 41971 69399 37510"
@@ -352,6 +356,11 @@ checkeq(t, {hi = 10, ho = 20})
 t = p:match'abc'
 checkeq(t, {hi = 10, ho = 20, 'a', 'b', 'c'})
 
+-- non-string group names
+p = m.Ct(m.Cg(1, print) * m.Cg(1, 23.5) * m.Cg(1, io))
+t = p:match('abcdefghij')
+assert(t[print] == 'a' and t[23.5] == 'b' and t[io] == 'c')
+
 
 -- test for error messages
 local function checkerr (msg, f, ...)
@@ -388,6 +397,25 @@ p = m.P { (m.P {m.P'abc'} + 'ayz') * m.V'y'; y = m.P'x' }
 assert(p:match('abcx') == 5 and p:match('ayzx') == 5 and not p:match'abc')
 
 
+do
+  -- large dynamic Cc
+  local lim = 2^16 - 1
+  local c = 0
+  local function seq (n) 
+    if n == 1 then c = c + 1; return m.Cc(c)
+    else
+      local m = math.floor(n / 2)
+      return seq(m) * seq(n - m)
+    end
+  end
+  p = m.Ct(seq(lim))
+  t = p:match('')
+  assert(t[lim] == lim)
+  checkerr("too many", function () p = p / print end)
+  checkerr("too many", seq, lim + 1)
+end
+
+
 -- tests for non-pattern as arguments to pattern functions
 
 p = { ('a' * m.V(1))^-1 } * m.P'b' * { 'a' * m.V(2); m.V(1)^-1 }
@@ -575,9 +603,9 @@ assert(not p:match(string.rep("011", 10001)))
 -- this grammar does need backtracking info.
 local lim = 10000
 p = m.P{ '0' * m.V(1) + '0' }
-checkerr("too many pending", m.match, p, string.rep("0", lim))
+checkerr("stack overflow", m.match, p, string.rep("0", lim))
 m.setmaxstack(2*lim)
-checkerr("too many pending", m.match, p, string.rep("0", lim))
+checkerr("stack overflow", m.match, p, string.rep("0", lim))
 m.setmaxstack(2*lim + 4)
 assert(m.match(p, string.rep("0", lim)) == lim + 1)
 
@@ -586,7 +614,7 @@ p = m.P{ ('a' * m.V(1))^0 * 'b' + 'c' }
 m.setmaxstack(200)
 assert(p:match(string.rep('a', 180) .. 'c' .. string.rep('b', 180)) == 362)
 
-m.setmaxstack(5)   -- restore original limit
+m.setmaxstack(100)   -- restore low limit
 
 -- tests for optional start position
 assert(m.match("a", "abc", 1))
@@ -718,6 +746,10 @@ t = {m.match(m.Cc(nil,nil,4) * m.Cc(nil,3) * m.Cc(nil, nil) / g / g, "")}
 t1 = {1,1,nil,nil,4,nil,3,nil,nil}
 for i=1,10 do assert(t[i] == t1[i]) end
 
+-- bug in 0.12.2: ktable with only nil could be eliminated when joining
+-- with a pattern without ktable
+assert((m.P"aaa" * m.Cc(nil)):match"aaa" == nil)
+
 t = {m.match((m.C(1) / function (x) return x, x.."x" end)^0, "abc")}
 checkeq(t, {"a", "ax", "b", "bx", "c", "cx"})
 
@@ -925,6 +957,13 @@ p = m.Cg(m.C(1) * m.C(1), "k") * m.Ct(m.Cb("k"))
 t = p:match("ab")
 checkeq(t, {"a", "b"})
 
+p = m.P(true)
+for i = 1, 10 do p = p * m.Cg(1, i) end
+for i = 1, 10 do
+  local p = p * m.Cb(i)
+  assert(p:match('abcdefghij') == string.sub('abcdefghij', i, i))
+end
+
 
 t = {}
 function foo (p) t[#t + 1] = p; return p .. "x" end
diff --git a/3rd/lua/lauxlib.c b/3rd/lua/lauxlib.c
index e4d79955..dec81e8a 100644
--- a/3rd/lua/lauxlib.c
+++ b/3rd/lua/lauxlib.c
@@ -972,29 +972,28 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_checkversion_ (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver, size_t sz) {
 
 // use clonefunction
 
-#define LOCK(q) while (__sync_lock_test_and_set(&(q)->lock,1)) {}
-#define UNLOCK(q) __sync_lock_release(&(q)->lock);
+#include "spinlock.h"
 
 struct codecache {
-	int lock;
+	struct spinlock lock;
 	lua_State *L;
 };
 
-static struct codecache CC = { 0 , NULL };
+static struct codecache CC;
 
 static void
 clearcache() {
 	if (CC.L == NULL)
 		return;
-	LOCK(&CC)
+	SPIN_LOCK(&CC)
 		lua_close(CC.L);
 		CC.L = luaL_newstate();
-	UNLOCK(&CC)
+	SPIN_UNLOCK(&CC)
 }
 
 static void
 init() {
-	CC.lock = 0;
+	SPIN_INIT(&CC);
 	CC.L = luaL_newstate();
 }
 
@@ -1002,13 +1001,13 @@ static const void *
 load(const char *key) {
   if (CC.L == NULL)
     return NULL;
-  LOCK(&CC)
+  SPIN_LOCK(&CC)
     lua_State *L = CC.L;
     lua_pushstring(L, key);
     lua_rawget(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
     const void * result = lua_touserdata(L, -1);
     lua_pop(L, 1);
-  UNLOCK(&CC)
+  SPIN_UNLOCK(&CC)
 
   return result;
 }
@@ -1018,7 +1017,7 @@ save(const char *key, const void * proto) {
   lua_State *L;
   const void * result = NULL;
 
-  LOCK(&CC)
+  SPIN_LOCK(&CC)
     if (CC.L == NULL) {
       init();
       L = CC.L;
@@ -1036,17 +1035,66 @@ save(const char *key, const void * proto) {
         lua_pop(L,2);
       }
     }
-  UNLOCK(&CC)
+  SPIN_UNLOCK(&CC)
   return result;
 }
 
+#define CACHE_OFF 0
+#define CACHE_EXIST 1
+#define CACHE_ON 2
+
+static int cache_key = 0;
+
+static int cache_level(lua_State *L) {
+	int t = lua_rawgetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &cache_key);
+	int r = lua_tointeger(L, -1);
+	lua_pop(L,1);
+	if (t == LUA_TNUMBER) {
+		return r;
+	}
+	return CACHE_ON;
+}
+
+static int cache_mode(lua_State *L) {
+	static const char * lst[] = {
+		"OFF",
+		"EXIST",
+		"ON",
+		NULL,
+	};
+	if (lua_isnoneornil(L,1)) {
+		int t = lua_rawgetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &cache_key);
+		int r = lua_tointeger(L, -1);
+		if (t == LUA_TNUMBER) {
+			if (r < 0  || r >= CACHE_ON) {
+				r = CACHE_ON;
+			}
+		} else {
+			r = CACHE_ON;
+		}
+		lua_pushstring(L, lst[r]);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	int t = luaL_checkoption(L, 1, "OFF" , lst);
+	lua_pushinteger(L, t);
+	lua_rawsetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &cache_key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 LUALIB_API int luaL_loadfilex (lua_State *L, const char *filename,
                                              const char *mode) {
+  int level = cache_level(L);
+  if (level == CACHE_OFF) {
+    return luaL_loadfilex_(L, filename, mode);
+  }
   const void * proto = load(filename);
   if (proto) {
     lua_clonefunction(L, proto);
     return LUA_OK;
   }
+  if (level == CACHE_EXIST) {
+    return luaL_loadfilex_(L, filename, mode);
+  }
   lua_State * eL = luaL_newstate();
   if (eL == NULL) {
     lua_pushliteral(L, "New state failed");
@@ -1083,6 +1131,7 @@ cache_clear(lua_State *L) {
 LUAMOD_API int luaopen_cache(lua_State *L) {
 	luaL_Reg l[] = {
 		{ "clear", cache_clear },
+		{ "mode", cache_mode },
 		{ NULL, NULL },
 	};
 	luaL_newlib(L,l);
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 98f7d1c9..e0f0b14d 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ JEMALLOC_INC := 3rd/jemalloc/include/jemalloc
 
 all : jemalloc
 	
-.PHONY : jemalloc
+.PHONY : jemalloc update3rd
 
 MALLOC_STATICLIB := $(JEMALLOC_STATICLIB)
 
@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ $(JEMALLOC_STATICLIB) : 3rd/jemalloc/Makefile
 
 jemalloc : $(MALLOC_STATICLIB)
 
+update3rd :
+	rm -rf 3rd/jemalloc && git submodule update --init
+
 # skynet
 
 CSERVICE = snlua logger gate harbor
diff --git a/lualib-src/lua-bson.c b/lualib-src/lua-bson.c
index 0fc26985..7319a0dd 100644
--- a/lualib-src/lua-bson.c
+++ b/lualib-src/lua-bson.c
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
 
 #define DEFAULT_CAP 64
 #define MAX_NUMBER 1024
+// avoid circular reference while encodeing
+#define MAX_DEPTH 128
 
 #define BSON_REAL 1
 #define BSON_STRING 2
@@ -236,7 +238,7 @@ write_double(struct bson *b, lua_Number d) {
 	}
 }
 
-static void pack_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, bool array);
+static void pack_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, bool array, int depth);
 
 static inline void
 append_key(struct bson *bs, int type, const char *key, size_t sz) {
@@ -268,7 +270,7 @@ append_number(struct bson *bs, lua_State *L, const char *key, size_t sz) {
 }
 
 static void
-append_table(struct bson *bs, lua_State *L, const char *key, size_t sz) {
+append_table(struct bson *bs, lua_State *L, const char *key, size_t sz, int depth) {
 	size_t len = lua_rawlen(L, -1);
 	bool isarray = false;
 	if (len > 0) {
@@ -284,7 +286,7 @@ append_table(struct bson *bs, lua_State *L, const char *key, size_t sz) {
 	} else {
 		append_key(bs, BSON_DOCUMENT, key, sz);
 	}
-	pack_dict(L, bs, isarray);
+	pack_dict(L, bs, isarray, depth);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -297,7 +299,7 @@ write_binary(struct bson *b, const void * buffer, size_t sz) {
 }
 
 static void
-append_one(struct bson *bs, lua_State *L, const char *key, size_t sz) {
+append_one(struct bson *bs, lua_State *L, const char *key, size_t sz, int depth) {
 	int vt = lua_type(L,-1);
 	switch(vt) {
 	case LUA_TNUMBER:
@@ -385,7 +387,7 @@ append_one(struct bson *bs, lua_State *L, const char *key, size_t sz) {
 		break;
 	}
 	case LUA_TTABLE:
-		append_table(bs, L, key, sz);
+		append_table(bs, L, key, sz, depth+1);
 		break;
 	case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
 		append_key(bs, BSON_BOOLEAN, key, sz);
@@ -407,7 +409,11 @@ bson_numstr( char *str, unsigned int i ) {
 }
 
 static void
-pack_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, bool isarray) {
+pack_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, bool isarray, int depth) {
+	if (depth > MAX_DEPTH) {
+		luaL_error(L, "Too depth while encoding bson");
+	}
+	luaL_checkstack(L, 16, NULL);	// reserve enough stack space to pack table
 	int length = reserve_length(b);
 	lua_pushnil(L);
 	while(lua_next(L,-2) != 0) {
@@ -423,7 +429,7 @@ pack_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, bool isarray) {
 			sz = bson_numstr(numberkey, (unsigned int)lua_tointeger(L,-2)-1);
 			key = numberkey;
 
-			append_one(b, L, key, sz);
+			append_one(b, L, key, sz, depth);
 			lua_pop(L,1);
 		} else {
 			switch(kt) {
@@ -432,12 +438,12 @@ pack_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, bool isarray) {
 				lua_pushvalue(L,-2);
 				lua_insert(L,-2);
 				key = lua_tolstring(L,-2,&sz);
-				append_one(b, L, key, sz);
+				append_one(b, L, key, sz, depth);
 				lua_pop(L,2);
 				break;
 			case LUA_TSTRING:
 				key = lua_tolstring(L,-2,&sz);
-				append_one(b, L, key, sz);
+				append_one(b, L, key, sz, depth);
 				lua_pop(L,1);
 				break;
 			default:
@@ -451,7 +457,7 @@ pack_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, bool isarray) {
 }
 
 static void
-pack_ordered_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, int n) {
+pack_ordered_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, int n, int depth) {
 	int length = reserve_length(b);
 	int i;
 	for (i=0;i<n;i+=2) {
@@ -461,7 +467,7 @@ pack_ordered_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson *b, int n) {
 			luaL_error(L, "Argument %d need a string", i+1);
 		}
 		lua_pushvalue(L, i+2);
-		append_one(b, L, key, sz);
+		append_one(b, L, key, sz, depth);
 		lua_pop(L,1);
 	}
 	write_byte(b,0);
@@ -495,6 +501,7 @@ make_object(lua_State *L, int type, const void * ptr, size_t len) {
 
 static void
 unpack_dict(lua_State *L, struct bson_reader *br, bool array) {
+	luaL_checkstack(L, 16, NULL);	// reserve enough stack space to unpack table
 	int sz = read_int32(L, br);
 	const void * bytes = read_bytes(L, br, sz-5);
 	struct bson_reader t = { bytes, sz-5 };
@@ -846,7 +853,7 @@ lencode(lua_State *L) {
 	bson_create(&b);
 	lua_settop(L,1);
 	luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
-	pack_dict(L, &b, false);
+	pack_dict(L, &b, false, 0);
 	void * ud = lua_newuserdata(L, b.size);
 	memcpy(ud, b.ptr, b.size);
 	bson_destroy(&b);
@@ -862,7 +869,7 @@ lencode_order(lua_State *L) {
 	if (n%2 != 0) {
 		return luaL_error(L, "Invalid ordered dict");
 	}
-	pack_ordered_dict(L, &b, n);
+	pack_ordered_dict(L, &b, n, 0);
 	lua_settop(L,1);
 	void * ud = lua_newuserdata(L, b.size);
 	memcpy(ud, b.ptr, b.size);
diff --git a/lualib-src/sproto/sproto.c b/lualib-src/sproto/sproto.c
index b5d61ea6..ec77441b 100644
--- a/lualib-src/sproto/sproto.c
+++ b/lualib-src/sproto/sproto.c
@@ -677,6 +677,7 @@ encode_object(sproto_callback cb, struct sproto_arg *args, uint8_t *data, int si
 	args->value = data+SIZEOF_LENGTH;
 	args->length = size-SIZEOF_LENGTH;
 	sz = cb(args);
+	assert(sz <= size-SIZEOF_LENGTH);	// verify buffer overflow
 	if (sz <= 0)
 		return sz;
 	if (args->type == SPROTO_TSTRING) {
diff --git a/lualib/dns.lua b/lualib/dns.lua
index 35e38084..e349699f 100644
--- a/lualib/dns.lua
+++ b/lualib/dns.lua
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ local function suspend(tid, name, qtype)
 		co = coroutine.running(),
 	}
 	request_pool[tid] = req
-	skynet.wait()
+	skynet.wait(req.co)
 	local answers = request_pool[tid].answers
 	request_pool[tid] = nil
 	assert(answers, "no ip")
diff --git a/lualib/skynet.lua b/lualib/skynet.lua
index 554d8ff8..c20efaa2 100644
--- a/lualib/skynet.lua
+++ b/lualib/skynet.lua
@@ -275,10 +275,10 @@ function skynet.yield()
 	return skynet.sleep(0)
 end
 
-function skynet.wait()
+function skynet.wait(co)
 	local session = c.genid()
 	local ret, msg = coroutine_yield("SLEEP", session)
-	local co = coroutine.running()
+	co = co or coroutine.running()
 	sleep_session[co] = nil
 	session_id_coroutine[session] = nil
 end
diff --git a/lualib/snax/loginserver.lua b/lualib/snax/loginserver.lua
index 01b2d49b..dfaa3ebd 100644
--- a/lualib/snax/loginserver.lua
+++ b/lualib/snax/loginserver.lua
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ end
 
 local function launch_slave(auth_handler)
 	local function auth(fd, addr)
-		fd = assert(tonumber(fd))
 		skynet.error(string.format("connect from %s (fd = %d)", addr, fd))
 		socket.start(fd)
 
@@ -84,11 +83,11 @@ local function launch_slave(auth_handler)
 
 		local ok, server, uid =  pcall(auth_handler,token)
 
-		socket.abandon(fd)
 		return ok, server, uid, secret
 	end
 
-	local function ret_pack(ok, err, ...)
+	local function ret_pack(fd, ok, err, ...)
+		socket.abandon(fd)
 		if ok then
 			skynet.ret(skynet.pack(err, ...))
 		else
@@ -100,8 +99,12 @@ local function launch_slave(auth_handler)
 		end
 	end
 
-	skynet.dispatch("lua", function(_,_,...)
-		ret_pack(pcall(auth, ...))
+	skynet.dispatch("lua", function(_,_,fd,...)
+		if type(fd) ~= "number" then
+			skynet.ret(skynet.pack(false, "invalid fd type"))
+		else
+			ret_pack(fd,pcall(auth, fd, ...))
+		end
 	end)
 end
 
diff --git a/lualib/socket.lua b/lualib/socket.lua
index 7f1d603b..58fe2678 100644
--- a/lualib/socket.lua
+++ b/lualib/socket.lua
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ end
 local function suspend(s)
 	assert(not s.co)
 	s.co = coroutine.running()
-	skynet.wait()
+	skynet.wait(s.co)
 	-- wakeup closing corouting every time suspend,
 	-- because socket.close() will wait last socket buffer operation before clear the buffer.
 	if s.closing then
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ function socket.close(id)
 			-- wait reading coroutine read the buffer.
 			assert(not s.closing)
 			s.closing = coroutine.running()
-			skynet.wait()
+			skynet.wait(s.closing)
 		else
 			suspend(s)
 		end
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ function socket.lock(id)
 	else
 		local co = coroutine.running()
 		table.insert(lock_set, co)
-		skynet.wait()
+		skynet.wait(co)
 	end
 end
 
diff --git a/lualib/socketchannel.lua b/lualib/socketchannel.lua
index 9ff5d451..7e7a0f6b 100644
--- a/lualib/socketchannel.lua
+++ b/lualib/socketchannel.lua
@@ -116,7 +116,14 @@ local function dispatch_by_session(self)
 end
 
 local function pop_response(self)
-	return table.remove(self.__request, 1), table.remove(self.__thread, 1)
+	while true do
+		local func,co = table.remove(self.__request, 1), table.remove(self.__thread, 1)
+		if func then
+			return func, co
+		end
+		self.__wait_response = coroutine.running()
+		skynet.wait(self.__wait_response)
+	end
 end
 
 local function push_response(self, response, co)
@@ -127,46 +134,43 @@ local function push_response(self, response, co)
 		-- response is a function, push it to __request
 		table.insert(self.__request, response)
 		table.insert(self.__thread, co)
+		if self.__wait_response then
+			skynet.wakeup(self.__wait_response)
+			self.__wait_response = nil
+		end
 	end
 end
 
 local function dispatch_by_order(self)
 	while self.__sock do
 		local func, co = pop_response(self)
-		if func == nil then
-			if not socket.block(self.__sock[1]) then
-				close_channel_socket(self)
-				wakeup_all(self)
+		local ok, result_ok, result_data, padding = pcall(func, self.__sock)
+		if ok then
+			if padding and result_ok then
+				-- if padding is true, wait for next result_data
+				-- self.__result_data[co] is a table
+				local result = self.__result_data[co] or {}
+				self.__result_data[co] = result
+				table.insert(result, result_data)
+			else
+				self.__result[co] = result_ok
+				if result_ok and self.__result_data[co] then
+					table.insert(self.__result_data[co], result_data)
+				else
+					self.__result_data[co] = result_data
+				end
+				skynet.wakeup(co)
 			end
 		else
-			local ok, result_ok, result_data, padding = pcall(func, self.__sock)
-			if ok then
-				if padding and result_ok then
-					-- if padding is true, wait for next result_data
-					-- self.__result_data[co] is a table
-					local result = self.__result_data[co] or {}
-					self.__result_data[co] = result
-					table.insert(result, result_data)
-				else
-					self.__result[co] = result_ok
-					if result_ok and self.__result_data[co] then
-						table.insert(self.__result_data[co], result_data)
-					else
-						self.__result_data[co] = result_data
-					end
-					skynet.wakeup(co)
-				end
-			else
-				close_channel_socket(self)
-				local errmsg
-				if result_ok ~= socket_error then
-					errmsg = result_ok
-				end
-				self.__result[co] = socket_error
-				self.__result_data[co] = errmsg
-				skynet.wakeup(co)
-				wakeup_all(self, errmsg)
+			close_channel_socket(self)
+			local errmsg
+			if result_ok ~= socket_error then
+				errmsg = result_ok
 			end
+			self.__result[co] = socket_error
+			self.__result_data[co] = errmsg
+			skynet.wakeup(co)
+			wakeup_all(self, errmsg)
 		end
 	end
 end
@@ -288,7 +292,7 @@ local function block_connect(self, once)
 		-- connecting in other coroutine
 		local co = coroutine.running()
 		table.insert(self.__connecting, co)
-		skynet.wait()
+		skynet.wait(co)
 	else
 		self.__connecting[1] = true
 		try_connect(self, once)
@@ -319,7 +323,7 @@ end
 local function wait_for_response(self, response)
 	local co = coroutine.running()
 	push_response(self, response, co)
-	skynet.wait()
+	skynet.wait(co)
 
 	local result = self.__result[co]
 	self.__result[co] = nil
diff --git a/lualib/sproto.lua b/lualib/sproto.lua
index 911dc877..d3ae40ad 100644
--- a/lualib/sproto.lua
+++ b/lualib/sproto.lua
@@ -58,6 +58,15 @@ local function querytype(self, typename)
 	return v
 end
 
+function sproto:exist_type(typename)
+	local v = self.__tcache[typename]
+	if not v then
+		return core.querytype(self.__cobj, typename) ~= nil
+	else
+		return true
+	end
+end
+
 function sproto:encode(typename, tbl)
 	local st = querytype(self, typename)
 	return core.encode(st, tbl)
@@ -99,6 +108,15 @@ local function queryproto(self, pname)
 	return v
 end
 
+function sproto:exist_proto(pname)
+	local v = self.__pcache[pname]
+	if not v then
+		return core.protocol(self.__cobj, pname) ~= nil
+	else
+		return true
+	end
+end
+
 function sproto:request_encode(protoname, tbl)
 	local p = queryproto(self, protoname)
 	local request = p.request
diff --git a/service-src/service_gate.c b/service-src/service_gate.c
index d59b4050..71ab1a64 100644
--- a/service-src/service_gate.c
+++ b/service-src/service_gate.c
@@ -132,7 +132,12 @@ _ctrl(struct gate * g, const void * msg, int sz) {
 		return;
 	}
 	if (memcmp(command,"start",i) == 0) {
-		skynet_socket_start(ctx, g->listen_id);
+		_parm(tmp, sz, i);
+		int uid = strtol(command , NULL, 10);
+		int id = hashid_lookup(&g->hash, uid);
+		if (id>=0) {
+			skynet_socket_start(ctx, uid);
+		}
 		return;
 	}
 	if (memcmp(command, "close", i) == 0) {
@@ -225,10 +230,7 @@ dispatch_socket_message(struct gate *g, const struct skynet_socket_message * mes
 			break;
 		}
 		int id = hashid_lookup(&g->hash, message->id);
-		if (id>=0) {
-			struct connection *c = &g->conn[id];
-			_report(g, "%d open %d %s:0",message->id,message->id,c->remote_name);
-		} else {
+		if (id<0) {
 			skynet_error(ctx, "Close unknown connection %d", message->id);
 			skynet_socket_close(ctx, message->id);
 		}
@@ -259,7 +261,8 @@ dispatch_socket_message(struct gate *g, const struct skynet_socket_message * mes
 			c->id = message->ud;
 			memcpy(c->remote_name, message+1, sz);
 			c->remote_name[sz] = '\0';
-			skynet_socket_start(ctx, message->ud);
+			_report(g, "%d open %d %s:0",c->id, c->id, c->remote_name);
+			skynet_error(ctx, "socket open: %x", c->id);
 		}
 		break;
 	case SKYNET_SOCKET_TYPE_WARNING:
@@ -327,6 +330,7 @@ start_listen(struct gate *g, char * listen_addr) {
 	if (g->listen_id < 0) {
 		return 1;
 	}
+	skynet_socket_start(ctx, g->listen_id);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -335,13 +339,12 @@ gate_init(struct gate *g , struct skynet_context * ctx, char * parm) {
 	if (parm == NULL)
 		return 1;
 	int max = 0;
-	int buffer = 0;
 	int sz = strlen(parm)+1;
 	char watchdog[sz];
 	char binding[sz];
 	int client_tag = 0;
 	char header;
-	int n = sscanf(parm, "%c %s %s %d %d %d",&header,watchdog, binding,&client_tag , &max,&buffer);
+	int n = sscanf(parm, "%c %s %s %d %d", &header, watchdog, binding, &client_tag, &max);
 	if (n<4) {
 		skynet_error(ctx, "Invalid gate parm %s",parm);
 		return 1;
diff --git a/service-src/service_snlua.c b/service-src/service_snlua.c
index 89e607f6..20440780 100644
--- a/service-src/service_snlua.c
+++ b/service-src/service_snlua.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ static int
 codecache(lua_State *L) {
 	luaL_Reg l[] = {
 		{ "clear", cleardummy },
+		{ "mode", cleardummy },
 		{ NULL, NULL },
 	};
 	luaL_newlib(L,l);
diff --git a/service/multicastd.lua b/service/multicastd.lua
index 7bafab78..2ff1a7f0 100644
--- a/service/multicastd.lua
+++ b/service/multicastd.lua
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ end
 -- for remote node, call remote_publish. (call mc.unpack and skynet.tostring to convert message pointer to string)
 local function publish(c , source, pack, size)
 	local group = channel[c]
-	if group == nil then
+	if group == nil or next(group) == nil then
 		-- dead channel, delete the pack. mc.bind returns the pointer in pack
 		local pack = mc.bind(pack, 1)
 		mc.close(pack)
diff --git a/skynet-src/skynet_timer.c b/skynet-src/skynet_timer.c
index c9a113ae..1f366b85 100644
--- a/skynet-src/skynet_timer.c
+++ b/skynet-src/skynet_timer.c
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ timer_create_timer() {
 
 int
 skynet_timeout(uint32_t handle, int time, int session) {
-	if (time == 0) {
+	if (time <= 0) {
 		struct skynet_message message;
 		message.source = 0;
 		message.session = session;
diff --git a/skynet-src/socket_server.c b/skynet-src/socket_server.c
index 7724a3c5..4963dd37 100644
--- a/skynet-src/socket_server.c
+++ b/skynet-src/socket_server.c
@@ -1176,6 +1176,7 @@ clear_closed_event(struct socket_server *ss, struct socket_message * result, int
 			if (s) {
 				if (s->type == SOCKET_TYPE_INVALID && s->id == id) {
 					e->s = NULL;
+					break;
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -1245,21 +1246,19 @@ socket_server_poll(struct socket_server *ss, struct socket_message * result, int
 						return SOCKET_UDP;
 					}
 				}
-				if (e->write) {
+				if (e->write && type != SOCKET_CLOSE && type != SOCKET_ERROR) {
 					// Try to dispatch write message next step if write flag set.
 					e->read = false;
 					--ss->event_index;
 				}
 				if (type == -1)
-					break;
-				clear_closed_event(ss, result, type);
+					break;				
 				return type;
 			}
 			if (e->write) {
 				int type = send_buffer(ss, s, result);
 				if (type == -1)
 					break;
-				clear_closed_event(ss, result, type);
 				return type;
 			}
 			break;
diff --git a/skynet-src/spinlock.h b/skynet-src/spinlock.h
index d9744c3f..514546f4 100644
--- a/skynet-src/spinlock.h
+++ b/skynet-src/spinlock.h
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ spinlock_unlock(struct spinlock *lock) {
 
 static inline void
 spinlock_destroy(struct spinlock *lock) {
+	(void) lock;
 }
 
 #else